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In this inventive activity from Smart Choices, student
teams are given a task to complete as if they were part of a large
organization. They assume "roles" within their group as they complete
their task of assembling a shape out of tangram
pieces. |
Primary Learning Outcomes
What are the dynamics of working within a group towards a
common goal?
Additional Learning Outcomes
How do group dynamics affect the work environment?
Assessed QCC Standards:
Grade: 9-12
Guidance
A. Self Knowledge
2
Topic: Skills to
interact positively with others.
Standard: -Demonstrate effective interpersonal skills. -Demonstrate
interpersonal skills required for working with and for others. -Describe
appropriate employer and employee interactions in various situations.
-Demonstrate how to express feelings, reactions, and ideas in an appropriate
manner.
C. Career Planning
10
Topic: Understanding the interrelationship of life roles.
Standard: -Demonstrate knowledge of life
stages. -Describe factors that determine lifestyles (e.g., socioeconomic status,
culture, values, occupational choices, work habits). -Describe ways in which
occupational choices may affect lifestyle. -Describe the contribution of work to
a balanced and productive life. -Describe ways in which work, family, and
leisure are interrelated. -Describe different career patterns and their
potential effect on family patterns and lifestyle. -Describe the importance of
leisure activities. -Demonstrate ways that occupational skills and knowledge can
be acquired through leisure.
Procedures/Activities
Step:
1 Duration:
Duplicate one tangram for each group. Before class, determine
how many possible groups there will be. Run off one copy of the “Personality
Types” activity sheet for each group. Cut apart the personality descriptions and
put in a separate envelope. Outline each of the shapes provided on the left of
the tangram figures on separate sheets of paper and title the sheets with the
names of the shapes. The tangram pieces can be most easily assembled into the
prescribed shape if the outline measurements match those of the tangram pieces.
The task becomes harder if you simply copy the shape in the size provided on the
activity sheet.
Attachments for Step 1
Title: A Tangram FileName: A Tangram.doc
Description: The tangram to copy for
use with this activity.
Title: Personality Types FileName: Personality Types.doc
Description: A list of
personality types: aspirant, expert, pusher, jolly good fellow, compensator,
overseer.
Title: Tangram Figures FileName: Tangram Figures.doc
Description: Shapes of the monk,
fish, chicken, arrow and giraffe for use with the Tangram lesson.
Step: 2 Duration:
Tell the class that once a job has been obtained there are
still important initial steps to be taken. The work environment—people,
activities, and the physical layout—must be learned. The newcomer must acclimate
to the environment, and the environment in turn changes to accommodate the
newcomer. In other words, it isn’t enough to have sought out and been awarded
that position for which you are so well trained. Job entry also includes getting
to know the reality, the ins and outs and ups and downs, of the work
environment.
Step:
3 Duration:
Divide the class into groups of five or preferably six members
each. Explain that each group is to imagine itself working as a team in a large
organization. The teams are going to be given a task to complete, and each team
will be timed in an effort to determine which group will be selected by the
president of the organization to carry out an important future
assignment.
Step:
4 Duration:
Before assigning the tasks to the various groups, ask the
students to be particularly sensitive to how they and their team members work
together in order to complete the job. After the group work, you will all
discuss the dynamics of working with other people toward a common
goal.
Step: 5 Duration:
Explain to the class that in any situation where people work
together, a number of personality types emerges. Since you will later discuss
the interrelationships of people working together, it would be interesting to
note how different personality types contribute to a team effort. Therefore, you
will assign each student a personality type to act out in his/her group while
the task is being completed.
Step:
6 Duration:
Distribute to each individual within each group a copy of one
personality type description provided on the activity resource page
Step: 7 Duration:
Ask the pupils not to tell each other which type of individual
they will be acting out. Provide some time for everyone to read their slips and
think of how they will assume the described roles.
Step: 8 Duration:
Distribute one tangram (Activity Sheet: A Tangram) to each
group. Allow enough time for a group member to cut the square into seven tangram
pieces. Care should be taken in cutting along the lines. The pieces will then
fit back together more precisely.
Step:
9 Duration:
Explain that you are going to give a “shape design” to each
item into which they will shape their tangram pieces. That is what their task
will be, and they will be timed on how long it takes them to do it.
Step: 10 Duration:
Now that they know what their task is to be, they should
assume their assigned personalities and talk about the job for a few minutes
while you prepare to distribute their assignments.
Step: 11 Duration:
Distribute to each team the name and outline of the shape they
are to form (Activity Sheet: Tangram Figures) with their tangram pieces. Tell
them to begin working.
Step:
12 Duration:
After the teams have finished the task at hand, use the
figures on the right side of the Activity Sheet: Tangram Figures to check the
results. Announce that the president of the imaginary organization will award
the future assignment to the team completing their project in the shortest time.
Tell the students to continue in their assigned personality roles and talk in
their teams about the method in which the president went about making this
important decision.
Step:
13 Duration:
Reassemble the class into a single group and talk about what
they have done. Read the description of each assigned personality type. Ask the
pupils to identify which role they played in their teams. · How many team
members recognized the kinds of roles emerging within the group as they were
working on the tangrams? · Identify the strong and the weak points inherent
within the roles. · If you had been a newcomer on the job the day the task was
assigned, which team member would have put you most at ease? Who would have been
most helpful to you as an individual? Most inspiring? Most challenging? Who
might have caused you to have second thoughts about the job?
Step: 14 Duration:
Talk about the expectations and the realities of entering a
job. One of the job features often overlooked by young people investigating a
particular position is the interpersonal dynamics within the environment in
which they will be working. What will working with a variety of coworkers be
like? How will I relate to my immediate superior and to the “big boss”? Will I
fit well into the scheme of things? Even in the case of workers in jobs that
entail little involvement with people, these factors need to be considered.
Fitting into the “people environment” is part of the entry into a job.
Step: 15 Duration:
Brainstorm and discuss some other job entry considerations.
Salary: How will you spend it? How will you save or invest any part of it? Work
Setting: Will you need privacy and be willing to ask for it? How will you make
your workplace your own? Benefit Plans: Which ones are offered? On what basis
will you decide whether or not to participate in them? Job Responsibilities: Are
they in actuality the same as those that are described to you when applying for
the job? If not, will you clarify your work role with your superior? Leisure
Time: Will you be able to leave your work at the office and enjoy your free
time? Which leisure activities will be most satisfying? Will you realistically
have the time and energy to enjoy them? Will they complement your work
activities and vice versa?
Materials and Equipment
“Personality Types” handout * Tangrams * Scissors * Envelopes
Standards (Local and/or National)
Total Duration
1 hour
Technology Connection
Assessment
Students evaluation depends on participation in the group task
and the discussion which follows.
Extension
Students can extend this activity by switching tangram figures
and cooperating more fully to accomplish the task without acting out
roles.
Remediation
Students can highlight parts of the lesson directions as a
guide to clarity.
Accommodation
Modification
For students with significant disabilities, what changes can
be made in instruction and teaching delivery to allow students to participate in
classroom instruction while working on IEP objectives and off grade level QCC
standards. Below are suggested modifications correlated to the procedures of
this lesson plan.